Why does food pipe cancer occur?
The exact cause of food pipe cancer or esophageal cancer is still unknown, but based on research, some risk factors for the development of food pipe cancer have been identified. Long-term tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption are the main risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Additionally, chronic GERD, Barrett esophagus, obesity, a diet lacking fruits and vegetables are among the higher risk factors for developing esophageal adenocarcinoma.

The increase in cases of esophageal cancer or food pipe cancer in India can be attributed to the consumption of extremely hot beverages and foods. Consumption of extremely hot beverages and foods can cause thermal injury to the esophagus and cellular changes, increasing the risk of developing cancer. Additionally, risk factors for developing esophageal cancer or food pipe cancer in India include poor nutrition, consumption of nitrosamine-rich foods, and lack of refrigeration.
Stages of food pipe cancer
Staging of food pipe cancer can help determine the extent of the cancer in the body and create an effective treatment plan for the treatment of food pipe cancer. The stage of food pipe cancer is divided into four stages - food pipe cancer stage 0(cancer limited to the esophageal lining), food pipe cancer stage 1, food pipe cancer stage 2, food pipe cancer stage 3 and food pipe cancer stage 4( Cancer that has spread to distant sites). Staging of food pipe cancer can be done using various diagnostic procedures, such as endoscopic ultrasound, CT scan, PET scan, and sometimes surgery.
Food pipe cancer diagnosis
The diagnosis of food pipe cancer is related to both the symptoms and treatment of food pipe cancer, because the diagnosis of food pipe cancer is done to confirm the symptoms, and also to make a treatment plan for the treatment of food pipe cancer. Food pipe cancer is diagnosed. Diagnosis of esophageal cancer begins with the patient's history and physical examination. Diagnostic procedures include endoscopy and biopsy. Other tests include barium swallow to check for abnormalities in the esophagus. Additionally, imaging tests like endoscopic ultrasound, CT scan, PET scan can be done to find out the extent of cancer.